The Last Supper celebrated by Jesus and his disciples is linked to the Jewish Passover celebration, which contains a variety of symbolic acts.
During this meal, Jesus proclaims that one of his disciples will betray him.
Why did Jesus dip a "morsel" and give it to Judas?
There are many different interpretations of this act, but one possibility is that Jesus was performing a part of the Jewish Passover that recalls the betrayal of Joseph in the Old Testament.
This is what D.T. Lancaster suggests in his article, "Last Seder: A Jewish Reading of the Last Supper."
Shlomo Riskin also explains this ritual for an article on Israel Times.
Everything in the Gospel is there for a reason, even a small minute detail of Jesus dipping a piece of food and giving it to Judas.